Simulating the behaviour of travelling wave superconducting parametric amplifiers using a commercial circuit simulator

Abstract Kinetic inductance travelling wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPAs) have been simulated using Keysight’s Advanced Design System. A lumped element representation of a superconducting transmission line has developed nonlinear inductor elements to represent the current dependency intrinsic kinetic inductance. This provides fast, simple and easily modifiable method for analysing processes that occur in devices, such as oscillators or while also allowing accompanying RF network be optimised. methodology is used model behaviour select number KI-TWPA designs operating 3-wave mixing (3WM) 4-wave (4WM) regimes. S-parameters dispersion properties are extracted from large signal S-parameter simulations, gain curve each amplifier design generated harmonic balance simulations. The results compared expression analytic solutions coupled mode equations making reference curves equivalent KI-TWPAs literature.